How Does Anorexia Affect the Body?
Anorexia Nervosa, when left untreated, can be a complex mental health disorder primarily marked by significant weight loss and nutritional deficiencies. Individuals grappling with this condition often struggle to maintain a healthy weight relative to their genetic body frame. They may resort to restrictive eating, excessive exercise, and even purging to keep a low weight.
Significantly, Anorexia affects people across all genders, ages, ethnicities, and backgrounds. Eating Disorders do not discriminate!
Anorexia is not always visible at a glance; individuals of various body sizes can suffer from this disorder. Despite common stereotypes, those in larger bodies can experience Anorexia just as severely. Statistics show it is the third most common chronic illness among adolescents and the deadliest of all eating disorders. Eating Disorders do not discriminate!
Key warning signs include:
- Dramatic weight loss.
- Preoccupation with weight, food, and dieting.
- Denial of hunger despite obvious need.
- Reluctance to eat publicly.
- Compulsive exercising.
Physical Impact of Anorexia on the Body
Anorexia nervosa profoundly affects the skin, hair, and nails due to nutritional deficiencies. Hair may become brittle, thin, or fall out, leaving bald patches, while skin can develop a bluish tint, particularly on the extremities. This occurs because low body weight reduces blood circulation. In an attempt to conserve heat, the body grows lanugo, a fine, soft hair, on areas like the face and back. Nails also become brittle and prone to breakage.
Gastrointestinal Effects
When significant weight loss occurs, the gastrointestinal system is not spared. Reduced food intake can lead to gastroparesis, which slows digestion and causes discomfort, including bloating and constipation. As the stomach empties more slowly, individuals may experience persistent upper abdominal pain. These disturbances reflect the body’s struggle to function without adequate nutrition, emphasizing the urgent need for intervention.
Digestive System Impact
The digestive system faces significant challenges due to anorexia-induced starvation. Hypofunctioning of the colon results in delayed food processing, leading to constipation and discomfort. If purging by vomiting is involved, it may cause tooth enamel erosion and esophageal tears, resulting in bleeding. Laxative misuse further deteriorates colon muscles, exacerbating digestive issues.
Brain Structure Alterations
The impact of anorexia nervosa on brain structure is profound. According to a study led by Roberto and colleagues in 2010, individuals with low body weight experience a notable decrease in brain gray matter volume. Additionally, research highlights that Anorexia can cause significant brain atrophy, with severe instances showing MRI scans similar to those of Alzheimer’s patients. This reduction in gray matter and the presence of atrophy can lead to numerous neurological issues, including impaired cognitive function, memory problems, and seizures.
Neurological and Functional Implications
The nerve damage resulting from Anorexia can manifest as seizures, confusion, extreme irritability, and numbness in extremities. These adverse effects have a significant impact on daily functioning. Individuals often struggle with school or work performance due to the brain’s compromised state. Starvation affects concentration, reasoning, and cognitive processing abilities, resulting in underperformance in academic and professional settings. However, on a positive note, these mental and neurological deficits are reversible.
Skeletal System Effects
Anorexia severely impacts the skeletal system, primarily due to a deficiency in essential nutrients and calcium. This deficiency leads to reduced bone density and strength, conditions known as osteoporosis and osteopenia. Individuals with these conditions face a heightened risk of fractures, as their bones are fragile and brittle. The body’s attempt to conserve energy during starvation periods contributes to this decline in bone mass. To mitigate injury risks, those with severe Anorexia should limit strenuous physical activities.
Cardiovascular Effects
Anorexia also profoundly affects the cardiovascular system, often resulting in bradycardia, a slower-than-normal heart rate. Typically, a healthy adult’s heart beats 60-100 times per minute, but individuals with anorexia struggle to reach even 60 bpm. This reduced heart rate leads to weakened cardiac muscles, sometimes causing the heart to shrink. Consequently, less oxygen reaches the brain and other vital organs, causing symptoms like syncope, dizziness, fatigue, and chest pain.
When dealing with Anorexia, immediate professional intervention is crucial. Book an anorexia nervosa therapy session today to learn more.
At Resilience Therapy
At Resilience Therapy – DBT & Eating Recovery, we understand that the line between health-conscious eating and disordered eating can be thin. Our team is dedicated to helping individuals recognize when healthy habits have turned into harmful restrictions. With specialized treatment plans, we provide clients with the tools to rebuild a balanced and sustainable relationship with food. Our mission is to ensure that those struggling with anorexia or orthorexia can regain their physical and mental well-being in a compassionate and supportive environment. We offer specialized programs for adolescents, parents, university students, and adults.
Reach out to the Resilience DBT Team to schedule your free 15-minute consultation and explore how Eating Disorder Therapy can support your journey. At Resilience DBT, we’re here to walk alongside you every step of the way.
Healing isn’t linear, but every step forward counts. You are not alone. You are resilient.
Ready to take the next step with Resilience Therapy?
We offer in-person Eating Disorder therapy in Montclair, NJ, and online DBT treatment across New Jersey, New York, Florida, Massachusetts, Maryland, Virginia, and Vermont — with international support available.
Call us at (973) 783-2292 to schedule your intake and be matched with a trained Eating Disorder Practitioner at resiliencetherapy.com.
Don’t delay treatment; you deserve to be your best.
Resources:
Gaudiani, J. L. (2018). Sick enough: A guide to the medical complications of eating disorders. Routledge.
Gaudiani, J. L. (2023). Sick enough: A guide to the medical complications of eating disorders (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Supporting Your Loved One with an Eating Disorder Over the Holidays
Thanksgiving is a meaningful family holiday for many cultures - a time of togetherness, tradition, and an abundance of food. These intergenerational memories are often cherished, but for individuals recovering from an eating disorder, food-centered holidays can be overwhelming. What may feel comforting or joyful to some can stir heightened anxiety, fear, and internal conflict for others.
If someone you love who is recovering from an eating disorder, the holiday season may amplify the emotional head space and thoughts they already carry. The good news: with awareness, compassion, and supportive practices, families can make this time feel safer and more nurturing.
What the Holidays Can Feel Like
These are just some of the potential feelings your loved one may be experiencing:
- “The holiday season is always the most difficult time of year because everything focuses on food.â€
- “Holidays for me are terrifying. I feel so alone.â€
- “The huge focus on food tends is a big trigger for me.â€
- “I feel trapped in my eating disorder thoughtsâ€
- “I do not want anyone to see me eat.â€
- “Just thinking about food and gaining weight, makes me feel gross.â€
- “There is so much food and love, but I can’t feel the joy others see to feel...â€
- “My secrecy and lying makes me feel even guiltier."
How Families can Help and Offer Support
- Refrain from talking about diets, weight loss, and body size.
- Focus conversations on gratitude, common values, and emotional connection.
- Give compliments based on character qualities rather than external appearance.
- Keep the spotlight of the holiday on gratitude and togetherness.
- Seek to understand the fears and internal isolation your loved one may be experiencing.
- Invite your loved one into preparations, such as decorating the dining area.Â
- If your loved one appears to be struggling offer calm support
- Check in on how your loved one is feeling.
- Organize small-group or one-on-one activities throughout the day or weekend.
- Plan activities and games that do not center on food
- Be Patient - Your Loved One may be triggered in ways they are not saying
DBT Skill of the Week - Cope Ahead
If you have the opportunity to talk ahead of Thanksgiving, help your loved one identify ways that they can make their day more enjoyable and less stressful.Â
- What can they ask for?Â
- Who can they enlist for support?Â
- How will they set boundaries for themselves, if need be?
- Can they name any catastrophic fears?
- What can they plan into their day, to feel more comfortable and in control?
Key Takeaways:
- The holiday season can bring high levels of stress, anxiety, and guilt around eating, for those in eating disorder recovery.
- With love, understanding, and support, the holidays don’t have to feel daunting.
      Simply showing up takes immense strength and courage.
Suggested Family Affirmation Activity
Create a day of connection and encouragement with a fun Gratitude and Affirmation ritual:
- Give each person, at the event, a mason jar or small box with their name on it.Â
- Your loved one, or another person, can help decorate the container.
- Provide strips of paper and invite everyone to write something they appreciate or love about each person at the table.
- Place the notes into the jars to be read during the meal, at dessert, or later by the fireplace.
Your loved one may choose to read their affirmations privately- and that’s okay.
The person struggling with an eating disorder has their own list of fears and strengths, hopes and challenges, joys and struggles. We hope this guide helps you better understand the significant and often unseen emotional experience your loved one may carry into the holiday season-and how you can help create an atmosphere of gentleness, safety, and connection.
If you or someone you love, needs Eating Disorder support this holiday season, Resilience Therapy is here.
Our Eating Disorder Therapists are experienced in eating disorder recovery and the emotional challenges that come with family gatherings and food-focused events. Resilience Therapy specializes in the full range of eating disorders - Anorexia, Atypical Anorexia, Bulimia, Emotional Eating, and Orthorexia.
Reach out to schedule a consultation and give yourself - or your loved one - the gift of compassionate, evidence-based care.
How Perfectionism Can Contribute to the Development of Orthorexia
Have you ever found yourself obsessing over the nutritional content of every morsel that passes your lips? While striving for a healthy diet is admirable, there's a fine line between mindful eating and orthorexia—an unhealthy fixation on consuming only "pure" or "perfect" foods.
In today's society, the pressure to achieve perfection has become increasingly normalized. You're constantly bombarded with images of flawless health, immaculate diets, and ideal physiques, particularly on social media platforms like Instagram. While striving for a healthy lifestyle is admirable, it can sometimes come at a significant cost. One growing concern is the rise of orthorexia, a condition characterized by an obsessive focus on "clean" eating.
Eating disorders, including orthorexia, often stem from unhealthy relationships with food, weight, and body image. These issues frequently coincide with dysfunctional exercise habits. While disorders like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa share a fear of weight gain and body dissatisfaction, they manifest differently. Anorexia involves extreme dietary restriction and low body weight, while bulimia is characterized by recurring binge-eating episodes, followed by compensatory behaviors.
Orthorexia
Orthorexia nervosa is a complex condition characterized by an unhealthy obsession with "correct" or "pure" nutrition. While not yet officially recognized as a clinical eating disorder, orthorexia can lead to significant physical and psychological distress. You may find yourself fixated on the quality and purity of your food, often to the point where it interferes with your daily life and relationships.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Orthorexia typically manifests as rigid, self-imposed eating patterns that are strictly controlled. You might experience:
- Compulsive checking of ingredient lists and nutritional labels
- Cutting out entire food groups deemed "unhealthy" or "impure"
- Spending excessive time planning, purchasing, and preparing "clean" meals
While formal diagnostic criteria are still evolving, healthcare professionals often consider a duration of six months or more of these symptoms as indicative of orthorexia.
The Link Between Perfectionism and Orthorexia
Recent evidence has confirmed that perfectionism plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of orthorexia. Our latest research examined the effects of two distinct forms of perfectionism: perfectionistic self-presentation and trait perfectionism. While both predicted orthorexia over time, trait perfectionism emerged as the more significant factor.
Perfectionistic self-presentation involves the need to portray a flawless image, hiding any perceived imperfections. In contrast, trait perfectionism is a more deeply ingrained mindset centred on the need to be perfect.
Our study revealed that individuals with high levels of trait perfectionism, characterized by extreme self-criticism when falling short of impossibly high standards, are most susceptible to developing orthorexia. This insight provides valuable direction for prevention and treatment strategies targeting perfectionist tendencies.
The Link Between Perfectionism and Eating Disorders
Personality traits play a crucial role in shaping our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Among these traits, perfectionism stands out as a significant risk factor for disordered eating. Perfectionists set impossibly high standards for themselves and are often harshly self-critical when they fall short. This mindset can create a perfect storm for developing eating disorders, particularly orthorexia.
When it comes to diet and nutrition, perfectionists may view anything less than flawless as a failure. This rigid thinking can lead to an obsessive focus on achieving the "perfect" diet. For many, this pursuit becomes an attempt to gain control over their lives. However, the relentless drive for dietary perfection can ironically result in a loss of control, as individuals become trapped in a cycle of unrealistic expectations and self-criticism.
As you navigate the complex relationship between perfectionism and orthorexia, remember that balance is key. While striving for excellence can be admirable, an obsessive focus on "perfect" eating can lead down a dangerous path. Be mindful of rigid food rules or feelings of guilt surrounding meals. If you find yourself preoccupied with food purity or nutritional ideals, consider seeking support from a mental health professional. If you need our help with eating disorders counseling, book a consultation with us today.
At Resilience Therapy, we believe in the strength it takes to seek support and the courage it takes to grow. Whether you’re beginning your journey or continuing to build a life worth living, we’re here to walk beside you.
Healing is not a linear process, but every step forward matters.
You are not alone. You are resilient.
Ready to take the next step with Resilience Therapy?
We offer in-person therapy in Montclair, NJ, and online therapy across NJ, NY, FL, MD, VA, VT, and MA — with international support available.
Call us at (973) 348-9384 to schedule your intake, or explore our programs at ResilienceTherapy.com
References:
- Novara, Caterina et al. “Perfectionism or Perfectionisms in Orthorexia Nervosa.†Nutrients vol. 15,15 3289. 25 Jul. 2023, doi:10.3390/nu15153289
- Pratt, Verity B et al. “A longitudinal study of perfectionism and orthorexia in exercisers.†Appetite vol. 183 (2023): 106455. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2023.106455
- Pratt, Verity B et al. “Multidimensional perfectionism and orthorexia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.†Eating and weight disorders: EWD vol. 29,1 67. 10 Oct. 2024, doi:10.1007/s40519-024-01695-z
A Closer Look at the Impact of Social Media on Teen Eating Disorders
While eating disorders are influenced by multiple factors, including genetics and psychological issues, social media platforms have emerged as a significant environmental stressor. These online communities also shape how we perceive our lives and bodies.Â
What Is The Role of Social Media?
The constant accessibility via smartphones, coupled with addictive features like infinite scroll and targeted content algorithms, makes it challenging for users—especially teens—to escape this influence. Over half of U.S. teens spend more than four hours daily on social media, exposing them to an intimate, relentless stream of idealized body images.
This pervasive presence blurs the lines between personal and public spheres, potentially contributing to body dissatisfaction and eating disorders among vulnerable individuals. The way you engage with social media significantly influences its impact on body image and eating disorders. Using these platforms is challenging without comparing your body, lifestyle, and achievements to others' seemingly perfect lives. Often, what you see is idealized or filtered, creating an unrealistic standard.Â
The Link Between Eating Disorders and Social Media
Social media's pervasive influence on modern life has a significant impact on mental health, particularly regarding body image and eating disorders.Â
The Pressure of Perfection
Social media platforms are inundated with carefully curated images of "perfect" bodies, often unrealistic and heavily edited. This constant exposure can lead to:
- Increased body dissatisfaction.
- Negative self-comparison.
- Unrealistic beauty standards.
Teenagers, who are already navigating the challenges of puberty and identity formation are particularly vulnerable to these influences.Â
The Role of Influencers and Celebrities
Many social media influencers and celebrities promote extreme diets, detox teas, and other potentially harmful weight loss methods. Their massive followings give them significant sway over impressionable young minds. Research shows that exposure to such content is associated with:
- Increased risk of developing eating disorders.
- Adoption of unhealthy eating habits.
- Distorted perceptions of healthy body weight.
Not all influencers promote harmful content. Some use their platforms to advocate for body positivity and healthy lifestyles. However, the sheer volume of diet-related content can make it challenging for teens to distinguish between helpful and harmful advice.
The Echo Chamber Effect
Social media algorithms are designed to show users content similar to what they've previously engaged with. This can create an echo chamber effect, where teens interested in weight loss or fitness content are continuously exposed to more of the same. This constant reinforcement can lead to:
- Obsessive thoughts about food and body image.
- Increased anxiety around eating.
- Normalization of extreme dieting behaviors.
Breaking out of this cycle can be challenging, especially when these messages come from trusted peers and admired influencers.
The Impact of Social Comparison
Social media platforms encourage constant comparison with peers and celebrities. This can be particularly damaging when it comes to body image and eating habits. Studies have shown that:
- Frequent social media use is associated with increased body dissatisfaction.
- Teens who spend more time on social media are more likely to engage in disordered eating behaviors.
- The act of posting selfies and seeking validation through likes and comments can reinforce unhealthy body image concerns.
Recognizing that these comparisons are often based on carefully curated and edited images that don't reflect reality is essential.
While social media can contribute to the development of eating disorders, it can also be a powerful tool for recovery. Online support groups and recovery-focused accounts can provide:
- A sense of community for those struggling with eating disorders.
- Access to recovery resources and information.
- Positive role models who promote healthy body image and self-acceptance.
If you’re worried about social media’s impact on your teen's mental health and eating habits, the Eating Disorder Specialists at Resilience Therapy can help your teen create a healthier relationship with self-image, self-esteem, and promote a positive body image. Book your consultation for eating disorder therapy today.
At Resilience Therapy, we believe in the strength it takes to seek support and the courage it takes to grow. Whether you're beginning your journey or continuing to build a life worth living, we're here to walk beside you.
Healing is not linear, but every step forward matters.
You are not alone. You are resilient.
Ready to take the next step with Resilience Therapy?
We offer in-person therapy in Montclair, NJ, and online therapy across NJ, NY, FL, MD, VT, and MA — with international support available.
Call us at (973) 783-2292Â to schedule your intake, or explore our programs at resiliencetherapy.com
How to Challenge Negative Thoughts About Your Body
Do you often criticize your body or worry about your child's negative self-image? Body image refers to how we perceive and feel about our physical appearance. Unrealistic beauty standards, reinforced by social media, can cause us to feel dissatisfied with our bodies. Over time, constant comparisons to unattainable ideals can lead to critical thoughts about our appearance.
To break free from this pattern, it's essential to challenge negative body image thoughts and work towards a healthier, more balanced self-perception. At Resilience Therapy, we specialize in eating disorder recovery and DBT therapy for eating disorders, helping individuals cultivate resilience and a positive body image.
Positive Body Image Thought Patterns
Challenging negative body thoughts is a vital step toward self-acceptance. While everyone occasionally struggles with body image, it's possible to develop more positive andneutral perspectives.
Individuals with a healthy body image are generally satisfied with their appearance, even if they aren't thrilled with every aspect. Self-acceptance isn't about achieving perfection—it's about appreciating your body's unique abilities and its strengths.
Negative Body Image Thought Patterns
A negative body image often manifests as constant dissatisfaction with one’s appearance, leading to frequent comparisons and self-criticism. This mindset can contribute to issues such as eating disorders, anxiety, and depression.
As negative thoughts persist, they can lead to more serious challenges like obsessive body checking, feelings of awkwardness or embarrassment, and more severe eating disorders. While challenging these ingrained thoughts is difficult, it is crucial for improving self-image and overall mental health. If you're struggling, it may be time to reach out for therapy for adolescents and young adults who are grappling with similar issues.
Practical Tips to Cultivate Body Positivity
When negative body image thoughts arise, try these strategies to start shifting towards a more positive self-perception:
Practice Self-Compassion and Positive Self-Talk
Our environment, including social media, can strongly impact our body image. Counteract this influence by:Focusing on your body’s functions rather than its appearance. Consider all the amazing things your body does every day.
Limiting exposure to airbrushed or unrealistic images in media.
Engaging in activities that make you feel confident and strong—whether it’s exercise, yoga, or dancing.
Surrounding yourself with people who value inner qualities and not just external appearance.
Consider exploring CBT-E (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Eating Disorders) as a powerful tool in changing negative thought patterns.
Connect with Body-Positive People
The company we keep can influence our self-image. If your social circle focuses on food intake, body weight, or physical appearance, these conversations can contribute to negative thoughts.Seek out body-positive individuals who celebrate diversity in body types and focus on health and well-being rather than looks. This shift in perspective can be transformative for your self-image and confidence.
Practice Daily Affirmations
Positive affirmations are a helpful tool to challenge negative thoughts. Although it may feel awkward at first, regular positive self-talk can begin to replace the negative thoughts that often overwhelm us.Try using affirmations such as:
"I am worthy and beautiful as I am."
"My body is strong and capable."
"I appreciate my body’s unique qualities."
List Your Positive Traits Beyond Appearance
Shift your focus from appearance to personal value by making a list of 5-10 qualities you admire about yourself that aren’t related to how you look.Recognizing your non-physical strengths can help you see that your worth is not solely dependent on your appearance. Embrace the qualities that make you unique, such as your kindness, intelligence, or talents.
Learn to Receive Compliments
When someone gives you a compliment, try to internalize it rather than deflecting it. Consider writing them down to revisit during moments of self-doubt.Acknowledge the positive qualities others see in you, and remind yourself that these compliments reflect your value beyond just your appearance.
Why Challenging Negative Body Image Thoughts is Crucial
Challenging negative body image thoughts may not be easy, but it is a critical step in reclaiming self-worth and improving your mental health. If you're struggling to overcome these challenges on your own, professional support can help. At Resilience Therapy, we specialize in DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy) and Eating Disorder Therapy.
Take the first step towards healing today. Whether you prefer in-person therapy or online therapy, we’re here to support you in your journey to greater self-acceptance and confidence.
Contact Us for Support
Call Resilience Therapy at (973) 783-2292 to schedule an intake. We will match you with a Body Image Therapist.
We offer in-person therapy at our New Jersey location or online therapy in New Jersey * New York * Florida * Maryland * Massachusetts * Virginia * Vermont.
Are you ready to reclaim your self-worth?
Click here to schedule a consultation and start your journey to healing today.
Pregnancy and Eating Disorders: Prevention & Treatment
The Impact of Eating Disorders During Pregnancy
Pregnancy is a time of profound physical and emotional changes. While it's a period of immense joy and anticipation for many, it can also present unique challenges for those with a history of eating disorders or those who develop them during pregnancy. The physical and emotional changes that come with pregnancy can trigger or exacerbate disordered eating behaviors, making it crucial to address these issues for the health and well-being of both the parent and the baby.Let’s explore the most prevalent types of eating disorders that can impact pregnant individuals and how you can better advocate for yourself or support loved ones grappling with these complex issues during pregnancy.
Common Eating Disorders During Pregnancy
During pregnancy, certain eating disorders can pose significant risks to both parent and baby. The most prevalent types include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder (BED). These conditions can lead to nutritional deficiencies, low birth weight, and complications during delivery. Expectant individuals should seek professional help if they're struggling with disordered eating patterns during their pregnancy. At Resilience Therapy - DBT & Eating Recovery, we offer tailored support to help individuals manage these challenges safely and effectively.
Anorexia Nervosa and Atypical Anorexia
Anorexia nervosa is characterized by restrictive eating and an intense fear of gaining weight. During pregnancy, the natural weight gain and body changes required for a healthy pregnancy can be especially distressing for someone struggling with food and body image.
Individuals with an unresolved history of anorexia may engage in behaviors such as extreme calorie restriction, excessive exercise, or skipping meals to control weight. Severe malnutrition can lead to complications such as anemia, low blood pressure, and electrolyte imbalances. Poor nutrition can also restrict fetal growth, leading to low birth weight, preterm birth, and developmental issues.
Atypical Anorexia is when someone may be in a higher weight or larger body but have the same restrictive eating behaviors. Atypical Anorexia is just as serious and is often less recognized by medical professionals. We take you seriously. At any body size or shape.
At Resilience Therapy - DBT & Eating Recovery, we use  Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Enhanced (CBT-E) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to help women rebuild a healthy relationship with food and body image while ensuring proper nutritional intake during pregnancy.
Bulimia Nervosa
Bulimia nervosa involves patterns of binge eating followed by purging activities such as vomiting, use of laxatives, or excessive exercise. Pregnancy’s hormonal and emotional changes can increase the risk of binge-purge episodes, and the physical strain of purging can be particularly harmful during this time.
Repeated vomiting can lead to dehydration, esophageal damage, and electrolyte imbalances, and even risk of sudden heart attack, to an expecting mother. For the infant, bulimia can increase the risk of miscarriage, low birth weight, and complications during delivery.
Through Cognitive Behavior Therapy-Enhanced (CBT-E) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), we help individuals manage their urges to binge or purge, equipping them with coping skills that foster lasting recovery and emotional stability.
Binge Eating Disorder (BED)
Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by episodes of consuming large quantities of food in a short time, often accompanied by feelings of guilt or loss of control. Unlike bulimia, individuals with BED do not engage in compensatory behaviors. Pregnancy cravings and emotional stress can sometimes heighten the risk of binge-eating episodes.
BED can lead to excessive weight gain, gestational diabetes, and high blood pressure. Increased maternal weight can elevate the risk of macrosomia (a baby that is significantly larger than average) and complications during labor and delivery.
At Resilience Therapy - DBT & Eating Recovery, we integrate Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and structured meal planning to help individuals develop healthier eating patterns and emotional regulation strategies.
Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders (OSFED)
Not all eating disorders fit neatly into the neat categories of anorexia, bulimia, or BED. OSFED includes a range of disordered eating behaviors that can still have significant physical and emotional impacts. For example, some individuals may experience orthorexia, an obsession with eating “clean†or “pure†foods, which can also lead to nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy.
At Resilience Therapy - DBT & Eating Recovery, we help clients navigate these complex issues by providing personalized, research-backed interventions that promote overall health and well-being.
What Causes These Eating Disorders?
Pre-existing Conditions
Women with a history of eating disorders are at heightened risk for relapse during pregnancy. Past experiences with body image and food can resurface, triggered by the physical changes and heightened feelings of hunger and increased need for nutrition and calories that accompany pregnancy.
Pregnancy-Related Factors
Hormonal fluctuations, rapid weight gain, and shifting body proportions can exacerbate or spark eating disorder behaviors. Some may feel a loss of control over their changing body in our beauty-obsessed culture, leading to restrictive eating or compensatory behaviors. Societal pressures around the "ideal" pregnant body can intensify these struggles.
Seeking Help: A Path Toward Happy Peri-Natal Experience
Eating disorders during pregnancy can have serious consequences for both parent and baby. Seeking professional help is vital to ensuring a healthy pregnancy, post-partum and and lasting recovery. At Resilience Therapy, we provide specialized care that addresses the intersection of pregnancy and eating disorders, healthy and happy post-partum experience, helping new mothers sustain control of their health in a safe, supportive environment.
The Resilience Team of Eating Disorder Experts offers a compassionate, evidence-based approach tailored to the unique needs of expectant mothers. Whether through CBT-E and DBT, we work closely with clients to develop sustainable coping mechanisms, build resilience, and foster a positive body image. Resilience Therapy is an HAES - Health at Every Size provider.
If you or a loved one is struggling during child-bearing experience, don’t wait. For a happy and healthy pregnancy and optimal post-partum experience, take the first step towards proper support today.
References:
- Watson, H. J., & Bulik, C. M. (2013). Update on the treatment of eating disorders: A scientific review. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 46(3), 60-76.
- Easter, A., Bye, A., Taborelli, E., Corfield, F., Schmidt, U., & Treasure, J. (2013). Recognizing the symptoms: How common are eating disorders in pregnancy? European Eating Disorders Review, 21(5), 340-344.
- Koubaa, S., Hallstrom, T., Lindholm, C., Hirschberg, A. L. (2005). Pregnancy and anorexia nervosa: A longitudinal study of pregnancy outcomes. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 112(5), 624-629.
Orthorexia: What It Is and How to Recognize the Warning Signs
Orthorexia is an emerging eating disorder characterized by an obsessive focus on "healthy" eating. While not officially recognized in the DSM-5, many experts consider it a serious condition that can lead to significant physical and psychological distress. What often begins as a well-intentioned effort to improve one's diet can spiral into an unhealthy fixation. Individuals with orthorexia may:
- Eliminate entire food groups
- Obsess over food quality and preparation methods
- Spend excessive time planning meals
- Experience anxiety about eating "impure" foods
As the disorder progresses, it can severely disrupt normal functioning. Those affected may:
- Isolate themselves socially to avoid "unhealthy" foods
- Experience malnutrition due to restrictive eating
- Develop intense guilt after consuming "forbidden" foods
While prevalence data is limited, experts believe orthorexia is becoming increasingly common in our health-conscious society. At Resilience Therapy - DBT & Eating Recovery, our specialized therapists work with clients to identify and address the underlying causes of orthorexia using evidence-based therapies.
Recognizing the Warning Signs of Orthorexia
If you or someone you know exhibits these signs, it may be indicative of orthorexia
Obsessive Focus on Food Quality
Individuals with orthorexia exhibit an extreme preoccupation with the purity and healthiness of their food. They often limit their diet to organic, whole, or raw foods, placing more emphasis on quality than quantity. This rigid adherence to self-imposed dietary rules can lead to severe anxiety or guilt when deviating from their strict eating patterns.
Extreme Dietary Restrictions
People struggling with orthorexia may cut out entire food groups, deeming them "unhealthy" or "impure." Their inflexibility can be so severe that they would choose to go hungry rather than consume unacceptable foods. This rigidity extends beyond diet to exercise regimens, with any deviation causing significant distress.
At Resilience Therapy - DBT & Eating Recovery, we use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Enhanced (CBT-E) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to help clients regain flexibility in their eating habits while reducing anxiety and guilt associated with food.
Physical and Emotional Consequences
The obsessive pursuit of "clean eating" can result in various physical, mental, and emotional effects. Orthorexia sufferers may experience malnutrition, social isolation, and intense feelings of shame or depression when unable to maintain their strict dietary standards.
Elimination and Avoidance Behaviors
Individuals with orthorexia often eliminate entire food groups, such as processed foods, sugar, meat, dairy, carbs, or gluten. They may view these as "bad" or even "poisonous," believing consumption will lead to illness. This rigid categorization of foods can result in extreme avoidance behaviors. You might notice someone leaving a room if a forbidden food is present or skipping social events to avoid "fear foods."
At Resilience Therapy - DBT & Eating Recovery, our therapists provide structured meal support and behavioral interventions that encourage a balanced approach to eating.
Isolation and Mental Health Impacts
Unfortunately, this isolation can lead to depression and intensified thought disturbances. While similar restriction patterns may be seen in anorexia, orthorexia isn't necessarily rooted in appearance or weight loss goals. Instead, the focus is on the perceived purity and health of foods. This obsession with "clean eating" can significantly impact one's quality of life and relationships.
The Paradox of Health Obsession
Orthorexia is deeply rooted in an intense fixation on "healthy" eating. While weight loss isn't always a clinical indicator, it can be a byproduct of this obsession. The paradox lies in the fact that what begins as a quest for health often leads to an unbalanced diet and malnutrition.
Unintended Consequences
You might find yourself eliminating entire food groups in pursuit of "purity," unknowingly depriving your body of essential nutrients. This restrictive behavior can result in:
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Weakened immune system
- Decreased energy levels
Beyond Physical Health
The impact of orthorexia extends beyond your plate. Your social life may suffer as you struggle to eat in restaurants or at social gatherings. Anxiety and guilt surrounding food choices can dominate your thoughts, affecting your mental well-being and overall quality of life.
At Resilience Therapy - DBT & Eating Recovery, we believe in a holistic treatment approach that includes psychological therapy, nutritional counseling, and family involvement to support long-term recovery.
Seeking Help for Orthorexia
Orthorexia is a complex issue that can have serious physical and mental health consequences if left unchecked. By being aware of the warning signs in yourself or your loved ones, you can take proactive steps to address problematic eating behaviors before they become severe. If you recognize these signs in yourself or someone you care about, it's important to seek professional help. An eating disorder therapist can provide guidance and support in developing a healthier relationship with food and body image.
At Resilience Therapy - DBT & Eating Recovery, we understand that the line between health-conscious eating and disordered eating can be thin. Our team is dedicated to helping individuals recognize when healthy habits have turned into harmful restrictions. With specialized treatment plans, we provide clients with the tools to rebuild a balanced and sustainable relationship with food. Our mission is to ensure that those struggling with orthorexia can regain their physical and mental well-being in a compassionate and supportive environment.
References:
- Dunn, T. M., & Bratman, S. (2016). On orthorexia nervosa: A review of the literature and proposed diagnostic criteria. Eating Behaviors, 21, 11-17.
- Cena, H., Barthels, F., Cuzzolaro, M., Bratman, S., Young, S., Brytek-Matera, A., & Varga, M. (2019). Definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa: A narrative review of the literature. Eating and Weight Disorders, 24(2), 209-246.
- Koven, N. S., & Abry, A. W. (2015). The clinical basis of orthorexia nervosa: Emerging perspectives. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 11, 385-394.
Understanding the Causes of Anorexia: Why Do Some Develop It?
While the fear of weight gain and body image issues are often visible symptoms, the roots of anorexia run deeper. Biological and environmental influences can increase your risk and hinder your recovery journey. Understanding these underlying causes is crucial to healing and overcoming this challenging condition and getting proper treatment.
Sociocultural Factors in Anorexia Nervosa
When it comes to anorexia, your environment plays a huge role. You might be more at risk if you've experienced trauma, especially childhood sexual abuse. But it's not just that—bullying, family issues, and even cultural pressures can contribute or trigger an eating disorder
Ever notice how certain professions or sports seem to have higher rates of eating disorders? That's because environments emphasizing thinness, like modeling or ballet, can be triggering. Some sports are referred to as the "weight-related" sports. Living in a society that idolizes small bodies can impact you. Interestingly, research shows a link between anorexia and PTSD, with many sufferers experiencing trauma before developing the disorder.
Psychological Factors
One of the primary factors contributing to anorexia is a negative body image and low self-esteem. Individuals with anorexia often have an unrealistic and distorted perception of their bodies, believing they are overweight or obese even when they are underweight. This distorted body image can lead to a strong desire to lose weight and control their bodies, often to the point of obsession.
Perfectionism is another factor that can contribute to anorexia. Individuals with this disorder often have an intense need for control and perfection, and they may see restrictive eating as a way to achieve these goals. This can lead to a vicious cycle, as individuals become increasingly obsessed with their weight and food intake, further reinforcing their negative body image.
Anxiety and depression are often associated with anorexia. These mental health conditions can make it difficult for individuals to cope with stress and negative emotions, and the starvation in restrictive eating creates mental health symptoms. Trauma can also be a contributing factor to anorexia. Individuals who have experienced abuse, neglect, or other traumatic events may be more likely to develop an eating disorder as a way to cope with their emotional pain.
Genetic Foundation
You might be surprised to learn that anorexia isn't just about social pressures or family dynamics. Your genes play a significant role, too. If you have a close relative with anorexia, your risk skyrockets—up to 10 times higher than average. But it's not just eating disorders in the family tree that matter. Having relatives with other mental health conditions or living with type 1 diabetes can also increase your chances.
Research shows that people with type 1 diabetes have higher rates of eating disorders. So, while environmental factors are essential, your genetic blueprint is crucial to the anorexia puzzle.
Who Is at Risk for Anorexia Nervosa?
You might be surprised to learn that anorexia doesn't discriminate. While it's more common in women and girls, it can affect men and boys, all ethnicities, cultures, and socioeconomic backgrounds. If you're struggling with mental health symptoms such  OCD, anxiety, depression, or trauma, you may be at higher risk. Many people with anorexia are also on the autism spectrum.
Social pressures play a big role, too. If exposed to Western culture or ideals of thinness, you might feel more vulnerable. Eurocentric beauty standards can play a signifigant role in the development of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction. And if you're struggling with low self-esteem, that can be another red flag. Remember, anorexia isn't about external appearances or vanity—it's a complex condition with many underlying factors.
Anorexia is a Progressive Illness
Anorexia is a complex disorder with a variety of contributing factors. Early Intervention is the Key. No matter when someone developed anorexia, the illness digs deeper roots as time progresses. There is no better time for treatment than the present. If you or someone you know is struggling with anorexia, reach out to us about eating disorder treatment. At Resilience Therapy our team of expert eating disorder therapists can provide you with the support and guidance you need to fully recover and live a healthy, fulfilling life. Eating Disorders are not a choice. But recovery is! Connect with us at ResilienceTherapy.com. We have been treating pre-teens, teens, young adults, and adults to full recovery from their eating disorder for three decades.
Body Dysmorphia: What It Is and How It Differs from Normal Appearance Concerns
People with Body Dysmorphia often have unrealistic and distorted views of their bodies, focusing on minor or nonexistent flaws. You might spend hours scrutinizing your reflection, convinced that a tiny blemish or slight asymmetry makes you look hideous. This distorted view can seriously impact your daily life and self-esteem.
How Body Dysmorphia Differs From Normal Appearance Concerns
You might occasionally worry about your looks, but Body Dysmorphia takes this to an extreme. While it's normal to want to improve your appearance, and look your very best, those with Body Dysmorphia obsess over perceived flaws that others can't see. This preoccupation disrupts daily life, causing severe distress and often avoidance of social situations.
Unlike typical insecurities, Body Dysmorphia involves persistent, intrusive thoughts that are hard to shake, often leading to compulsive behaviors like constant mirror-checking or excessive and time-consuming grooming routines. Let's get into the details.
Intensity of Body Dysmorphia
Body Dysmorphia isn't just occasional self-doubt—it's an all-consuming preoccupation. You might find yourself obsessing over perceived flaws for hours each day, unable to focus on anything else. This intense fixation can significantly disrupt your daily life, relationships, and general well-being.
Unlike normal appearance concerns, Body Dysmorphia's grip on your thoughts and emotions is relentless, often leading to extreme measures to "fix" imagined imperfections.
Unrealistic Body Image Perceptions
You might look in the mirror and see flaws that nobody else notices. With Body Dysmorphia, your brain magnifies perceived imperfections, making them seem much worse than they are.
This distorted self-image can consume your thoughts, leading to extreme anxiety and avoidance behaviors. Unlike normal appearance concerns, Body Dysmorphia creates an intense preoccupation that significantly impacts your daily life and relationships.
Response to Reassurance
When friends or family reassure you about your looks, you can usually accept their words. But if you have Body Dysmorphia, no amount of reassurance seems to help. You might even believe others are being polite or lying to make you feel better.
Remember, if your appearance concerns are causing significant distress, seeking professional help is always okay. You deserve to feel comfortable in your own skin.
Repetitive Behaviors
You might find yourself constantly checking your appearance in mirrors or reflective surfaces. Maybe you're always asking others for reassurance about how you look. These repetitive behaviors, such as seeking reassurance, are common in Body Dysmorphia.
You might also spend hours trying to conceal perceived flaws with makeup, clothing, or excessive grooming. While it's expected to care about your appearance, these obsessive actions can significantly disrupt your daily life and relationships.
Body Dysmorphia's Impact on Daily Life
Body Dysmorphia can significantly disrupt your everyday activities. You might spend hours obsessing over perceived flaws, avoiding social situations, or constantly seeking reassurance. This preoccupation can interfere with work, relationships, and overall well-being. You may struggle to concentrate on tasks or feel anxious in public spaces. In severe cases, it might even lead to isolation or depression, as the constant worry about appearance takes center stage in your life.
That is the sum of our beginning to understand Body Dysmorphia today and how it's different from normal appearance concerns. Everyone has insecurities, and has the right to take pride in their appearance , but if you are struggling with symptoms of Body Dysmorphia it may be time to reach out for help when these symptoms begin to take over your life.
Don't be afraid to talk to a therapist or counselor if you're struggling. At Resilience Therapy, our therapists and counselors are experienced and trained in treating Body Dysmorphia so we can best help you begin your path to true body acceptance. Next time you catch yourself obsessing over that "flaw" in the mirror, that no one else sees, take a step back and remember—you're so much more than what you see on the surface. We are here for you. Book a consultation for eating disorder counseling today. ResilienceTherapy.com
Body Dysmorphia and Its Relationship to Disordered Eating
Body Dysmorphia is a disorder that affects roughly 2.4% of adults in the United States, and even more for adolescents. The common perception of Body Dysmorphia is that it is only related to shape and weight.
Another misunderstood condition is disordered eating or eating disorders. Eating disorders affect up to 10-20% of the population. There is a common misunderstanding that eating disorders are a personal choice, but they are not.  No one chooses to struggle with food and weight.Â
While the two are separate conditions, there is often strong correlation between them. Here’s a deeper look at how Body Dysmorphia can impact a relationship with disordered eating. Â
What Is Body Dysmorphia?
Body Dysmorphia is a mental health disorder that causes a person to view flaws in themself. Perceived physical flaws and imperfections and often perceive them as bigger problems than they are. In reality, some of these flaws may be very minor they are actually non-existent in the eyes of others.
Individuals Body Dysmorphia can get obsessed with the appearance of their face, hair, skin, musculature, body shape, and even genitalia. Many of these personal experiences are influenced further by the emphasis on physical perfection as portrayed in Social media
The Relationship Between Body Dysmorphia and Disordered Eating
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Preoccupation with Appearance
The more common sign of Body Dysmorphia is a preoccupation with physical appearance. In attempts to improve appearance or make faster, more significant changes, a person may engage in disordered eating. As this perseveration on perceived flaws continues over time, the eating disorder can transform and get worse.
Fear of Judgment
Aside from their own preoccupation with appearance, there is also this fear of what others think or how other people perceive their appearance. If fear and anxiety are flared up, there can be more likelihood to engage in disordered eating. Restrictive dieting habits are a common strategy to avoid any negative feedback or to try to fit into certain social norms.Â
Lower Self-Esteem
When someone is living with Body Dysmorphia, they highlight flaws and negative views. They struggle with their own worth and self-esteem. When feeling low, they may take drastic actions to try to compensate, one of which includes diet modifications and unhealthy eating behaviors. The belief is that this will help boost their image and opinions of themselves.Â
Distorted Body Image
Body dysmorphia leads to unrealistic views about one’s body, both in appearance, and overall body image. Negative or distorted body image can promote an unhealthy comparison of oneself to others around them, thus triggering binge eating or restrictive eating to “rectify†the situation, with the illusion that changing ones body image will change ones life.
Coping Strategy
Disordered eating can as a coping mechanism for anxiety, depression, and any negative feelings associated with Body Dysmorphia. The idea of being in control of how food is handled, more than any one person is with themself, can become calming amidst the chaos. It seems like a productive way to handle negative feelings, but it will actually fuel the development of other issues or make those feelings worse.Â
Social MediaÂ
The current state of the world is heavily connected via digital platforms. It creates this “always on†state of mind and it makes comparing your life to friends, family, celebrities, and complete strangers exponentially easier. It also promotes unrealistic and often fabricated realities through people’s selected shared content.Â
Seeing this idea of what is perfect in your face all the time can amplify body image and self-esteem issues. Social media can serve as a constant trigger for negative thought patterns and unhealthy eating habits to control the situation.Â
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Body Dysmorphia is not always linked to eating disorders and vice versa, but they are commonly together. Either way, it is a painful way to live. One or both deserve compassion and expert clinical care. When left untreated, can spiral.Â
At Resilience DBT & Eating Recovery, we want you to feel secure in yourself and your appearance, and not compare yourself to anyone else. If you or a loved one believes you are struggling with Body Dysmorphia or an eating disorder, you’re not alone.
Contact us at ResilienceTherapy.com to learn more about our evidenced-based treatments like eating disorder therapy for healing and recovery. Remember… Eating Disorders are not a choice… but recovery is.
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